Elongated Styloid process
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.60094/RID.20220101-3Keywords:
Temporal bone, hyoid bone , computed tomography,Abstract
The styloid process (SP) is a thin bony projection that extends f rom the inferior surface of the temporal bone in an anteroinferior direction and bilaterally, its average length ranges between 20-30 mm. The stylohyoid complex (SHC) comprises the SP, the stylohyoid ligament, and the lesser horn of the hyoid bone. The ossification of SHC can produce nonspecific symptoms, including pharyngeal pain in the tonsillar fossa, earache, foreign body sensation, or voice changes, taken together, constitute Eagle Syndrome. Langlais et al. classified the morphology of SP ossification into three types: type I elongated, type II pseudo-articulated, and type III segmented. The diagnosis of elongated SP can be made by examining the tonsillar fossa, panoramic radiography, or computed tomography (CT). The case of a 53-year-old female patient is presented, referred for CT evaluation prior to implant placement. Upon exploration of the tomographic images, both elongated styloid processes were observed, and the SHC was measured and classified: right side 79.5 mm, type III and left side 82.6 mm, type II. The 3D volumetric reconstructions of CT allowed to evaluate in depth morphology and ossification patterns of the SHC, making it possible to confirm the diagnosis and evaluate therapeutic alternatives.
Downloads
References
Alkhabuli J, Zakaria H, Muayad A. Prevalence of stylohyoid complex elongation among patients attending RAK College of Dental Sciences Clinic. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2020 Mar;54(1): 60-8. https://doi.org/10.15644/asc54/1/7
Shayganfar A, Golbidi D, Yahay M, Nouri S, Sirus S. Radiological evaluation of the Styloid process length using 64-row multidetector computed tomography Scan. Adv Biomed Res. 2018;7:85. https://doi.org/10.4103/2277-9175.233479
Buyuk C, Gunduz K, Avsever H. Morphological assessment of the stylohyoid complex variations with cone beam computed tomography in a Turkish population. Folia Morphol (Warsz). 2018;77(1): 79-89. https://doi.org/10.5603/FM.a2017.0061
Langlais RP, Miles DA, Van Dis ML. Elongated and mineralized stylohyoid ligament complex: a proposed classification and report of a case of Eagle’s syndrome. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1986;61(05):527‐32. https://doi.org/10.1016/0030-4220(86)90400-7
Czako L, Simko K, Thurzo A, Galis B, Varga I. The Syndrome of Elongated Styloid process, the Eagle’s syndrome-from anatomical, evolutionary and embryological backgrounds to 3D printing and personalized surgery planning. Report of five cases. Medicina (Kaunas). 2020;56(9):458. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina56090458
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Reporte Imagenológico Dentomaxilofacial
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
AUTHORS RETAIN THEIR RIGHTS:
You are free to:
- Share: copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, including commercially.
Adapt: remix, transform and build upon the material for any purpose, including commercially.
The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the terms of the license under the following terms:
- Attribution : you must give proper credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes have been made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in such a way as to suggest that you or your use is supported by the licensor.
- No additional restrictions: you may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from making any use permitted by the license.
